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peer reviewed · Journal of Educational Computing Research

How Effective Are Pedagogical Agents for Learning? A Meta-Analytic Review

Noah Schroeder, Olusola Adesope, Rachel Gilbert

In plain English

The baseline finding for the whole field: on-screen teaching agents produce a small but real improvement in learning over the same material without one. Useful as a reality check against vendor claims of transformational gains.

pedagogical agents
meta-analysis
learning outcomes
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